REMEDIATION OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS CONTAMINATED BY 90SR
Sanzharova N.I., Geshel I.V., Мikailova R.А., Кrylenkin D.V., Gordienko E.V.
Remediation Measures for Radioactively Contaminated Areas. Eds. Dharmendra К. Gupta, Anna Voronina. Cham, 2018. С. 139-162.
Large-scale contamination of agricultural lands resulted from global fallout and accidents on Southern Urals («Mayak” PA 1957) and Chernobyl NPP (1986) required the development, testing and application of remediation measures purposed to prevent the entrance of 90Sr into human diet. A wide range of remediation methods was developed in agriculture. Their purpose is to ensure the reduction of radionuclide mobility in soil and, as follows, decrease of its migration rates in the soil-plant system. The basis of action of soil-based remedial techniques is formed by the processes of radionuclide sorption and fixation in soils, strengthening of competitiveness of element analogues and changes of soil properties. Remediation methods are based on current agricultural technologies aimed to heighten soil fertility and crop yield. Data on the effectiveness of application of mechanical and physicochemical methods of remediation of agricultural lands are described. The possibility of application of various natural and artificial sorbents for reduction of 90Sr mobility in soils and decrease of its assimilation by plants is shown. Some mechanisms, which are the scientific basis for development of methods for remediation of agricultural lands, were described.